Kev piav txog
Hauv cov liaj teb zoo li chemistry, kws tshuaj, thiab thaj chaw tshawb fawb ntau, peb yuav tsum tau cais lossis cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj uas tsis muaj zog yog ib kauj ruam ib txwm muaj. Cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj xws li cov cua tshuab tuaj yeem yog lub sijhawm - noj thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom puas rau cua sov-}} cov ntaub ntawv rhiab. Nov yog qhov twgTeb Evaporator(feem ntau shortened rau "rotovap") dhau los ua qhov cuab yeej tsis tseem ceeb hauv chav kuaj. Nrog nws txoj kev ua tau zoo, thiab kev tswj hwm, nws feem ntau tau hawj ib yam li tus "Magician ntawm kev tshem tawm kev tshem tawm."
Lub teb evaporator ua haujlwm li cas?
1. Lub tshuab nqus tsev:Txuas nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev, qhov kev txo qis ntawm lub siab nyob hauv tag nrho cov kab ke. Raws li Clausius - scapeYry relect, ib qho kua npau npau yog khi ze rau nws vapor siab; Raws li lub siab txo qis, qhov npau npau tes poob. Qhov no tso cai rau cov kuab tshuaj kom vaporize sai ntawm qhov kub kub nyob deb deb nws li qub atmospheric boil point.
2. Rotating System:Lub cev muaj zog ua lub zog evaporation plaster (feem ntau yog ib puag ncig - breask muaj cov qauv) ntawm qhov nrawm.
3. Cua Sov System:Feem ntau ib lub ntsuas cua sov tswj dej da dej lossis roj da dej, muab lub zog tsim nyog rau kev sov sov.
4. Condensing System:Cov evaporated hnyav vapor taug kev mus rau hauv condenser chev. Sab nraum lub condenser feem ntau txias los ntawm cov kais dej sib ncig los yog cov kua chilled los ntawm cov chiller.
5. Kev Sau Npe:Lub liquefied camefent ces ntws mus rau condenser thiab khaws cov nplawm hluav taws xob, yog li cais cov kuab tshuaj los ntawm qhov chaw volatile los sab laug qab hauv evaporation flask.
Dab tsi yog teb evaporator?
Lub teb chaws evaporator yog ib lub cuab yeej siv rau kev tshem tawm maj thiab maj mam ntawm cov kuab tshuaj uas tsis muaj kuab los ntawm cov qauv ntawm kev txo qis. Nws cov ntsiab cai tseem ceeb yog tias kev txo qis cov txheej txheem siab siab ua rau muaj kev npau npau npau suav ntawm cov kuab tshuaj. Qhov no tso cai rau kev ua kom sai evaporation ntawm qhov kub tsawg (feem ntau nrog cov dej cua sov (cov roj decomposition), kev tiv thaiv roj lossis cov khoom kub yuav tshwm sim thaum muaj qhov kub siab dua.
Daim Ntawv Thov Cov Piv Txwv ntawm Qoob Laum Evaporators
Organic Synthesis Chemistry
Tshaj tawm {{0 {}} cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua haujlwm -} li:Tom qab tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj lom neeg, cov khoom lag luam yog feem ntau muab rho tawm rau hauv cov organic hnyav. Lub rotovap sai sai tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj (xws li ethyl acetate, piv txwv li cov roj av nyias (piv txwv li cov chromatography, recrystallization).
Nruab nrab ntawm siab:Nyob rau hauv multi - qib syntheses, cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab tuaj yeem siv cov rotovap ncaj qha rau kev siv hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom ntej.
Tej Yam Khoom Chem Nam
Extract concentration:Thaum rho tawm cov khoom sib txuas los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cov kab mob me, cov kab mob marruments, zoo li ethanol, methanol, acetone) feem ntau siv. Lub rotove concentrates cov loj- volume sau cia rau hauv cov kua nplaum lossis cov kua ntau, kom huv si.
Kws Tshuaj R & D thiab ntau lawm
API Synthesis:Tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj los yog cov niam txiv hmab niam paj thaum lub sijhawm ua ke ntawm cov khoom xyaw tshuaj muaj zog (APIs).
Tsim Kev Txhim Kho:Cov kev daws teeb meem zoo ntawm cov khoom xyaw nquag lossis ua yeeb yam kuab kev hloov ua ntej npaj cov tshuaj qauv.
Kev tswj kom zoo (QC):Mloog cov tshuaj analaltee cov kev daws teeb meem thaum lub hom qauv npaj kom nce tau kom paub qhov rhiab.
Khoom Noj Khoom Noj Kawm Txuj Ci thiab Qhov tsw / Ntsig Kev Lag Luam
Ncuav compound concentration:Kev rho tawm thiab mloog cov khoom tsw qab los ntawm cov zaub mov, xws li muaj kua txiv kom muaj kua txiv lossis kas fes cia.
Deploholization:Maj mam tshem tshuaj ethanol hauv kev tsim cov qis heev - cawv los yog tsis {{1} {{1 1}}}} dej haus.
Nees xim extraction & conctrtration:Mloog cov pigments rho tawm los ntawm kev cog cov khoom cog.
Ib puag ncig tsom xam
Kev Npaj Qauv:Thaum kev tshuaj xyuas cov nqaij tawg (pahs tshuaj tua kab, PAHS) hauv dej lossis av, ntsuas feem ntau yog thawj zaug nrog cov kuab tshuaj organic. Ib lub rotovap yog tom qab ntawd tau siv kom zoo rau cov extract kom ua tiav qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsom xam rau kev tsom xam cov instrumental.
Molecular Biology / Biochemistry
Ntas yeej hloov pauv / kev sib pauv:Tom qab ua kom huv cov protein lossis nucleic acids, nws yuav tsim nyog los hloov cov tsis zoo lossis mloog cov qauv. Thaum ultrafiltration muaj ntau dua, kev rotovaps tej zaum yuav suav tau nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb yog tias cov tshuajolents organic yuav tsum tau tshem tawm lossis shear rog yog kev txhawj xeeb.
Ceev faj rau kev siv cov teb chaws evaporator
1. Tshuaj xyuas cov khob iav:Ua ntej siv, ib txwm ua tib zoo saib cov kais dej evapine, condenser, thiab tau txais Rreask rau cov kab nrib pleb, tej daim, lossis khawb. Lub tshuab nqus tsev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov khoom siv cuav; Ib qho flaws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo implosion.
2. Qauv ntim:Cov kua ntim hauv cov roj cua evap kev yuav tsum tsis pub dhau ib nrab ntawm nws lub peev xwm, nyiam los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo lossis tsoo mus rau hauv cov condenser thaum lub sijhawm sib hloov lossis nqus tsev.
3. Kev ruaj ntseg sib txuas & ntsaws ruaj ruaj:Ua kom ntseeg tau cov flask ua kom zoo nkauj, condenser, thiab tau txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj kev ruaj ntseg nrog cov kev txiav txim siab lossis cov pob qij txha sib npaug. Kuaj xyuas tias txhua pob qij txha thiab cov tshuab nqus hluav taws xob yog lawm, ntxuav, thiab tsim nyog siv) kom ntseeg tau tias yog ib txoj kev xav ntawm airtight.
4. Khaub ncaws tau zoo:Ua kom cov dej txias txias (lossis txias) yog ntws kom txaus thiab txias txaus kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov kev ua tau zoo no ua tau zoo thiab tiv thaiv lub tshuab nqus tsev.
5. Txias Trap Tiv Thaiv:Rau qis -} bowing cov kuab tshuaj (txias, dietone lossis kua nitrogen) ntawm cov rotovap) lossis cov haujlwm uas xav tau cov nqus dej txias thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev kom pom zoo. Cov ntxiab ntxiab ntxiab uas cuam tshuam tias kev hla lub tshuab nqus tsev, tiv thaiv cov tshuab nqus tsev (tshwj xeeb yog roj- beated twj tso kua) los ntawm kev xeb thiab paug.
6. Cov kuab haum sib xyaw:Txheeb xyuas tias cov kuab tshuaj tau siv tau sib xws nrog cov khoom ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev los tiv thaiv kev o, kev ua tsis taus pa, lossis dej xau.
7. Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej (PPE):Yuav tsum tsom iav kev nyab xeeb txhua zaus lossis lub ntsej muag ntaub thaiv npog thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Siv cua sov -} cov hnab looj tes tiv thaiv thaum tuav cov flasks kub lossis da dej kub. Kev ua haujlwm uas coj ua txawv, lom, lossis cov kuab tshuaj hauv sab hauv ib lub ntsej muag.
8. Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo:Tsis txhob tawm hauv lub rotovap khiav tsis saib rau ncua sij hawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov kuab tshuaj loj lossis cov khoom tsis muaj kuab. Yog tias koj yuav tsum nqis tsheb luv luv, xyuas kom lub kaw lus ruaj khov thiab qhia cov npoj yaig.
Tag
Tag
Raws li daim ntawv tseem ceeb hauv cov cuab yeej siv tam sim no, cov teb cov teb chaws evaporator tau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab maj mam ntawm cov kuab tshuaj tshem tawm. Mastering nws cov ntsiab cai ua haujlwm, ua haujlwm kom kho cov kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tau txais kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim khoom. Nws yog ntau tshaj li qhov ntsuas; Nws yog cov cuab yeej muaj zog hauv cov txhais tes kws tshawb fawb rau kev tswj cov khoom sib cais thiab cov tshuaj ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw.